Rank Against Only Like Cells

I need to rank a cell only against the similar cells dynamically. I have key cells that indicate whether a cell is like or not that looks like A|1,A|2,A|3,B|2,C|4,etc. I only want to rank A|1, against other A|1 Cells, and not B|2 cells, or A|2 cells. Does an answer for this exist elsewhere, and is there any way to do it without using VBA?

Thanks!