How to detect whether tying is enabled in the currently selected/active interface in C++

In Windows 7(I am not sure about other OS) when you are on a webpage, pressing the space-bar scrolls a few pixels down the page. But when you are in an interface where typing can be done(like an input element, textarea, word editor, code editor, search bar, etc), pressing the space-bar obviously types a space.

Similarly, when all the open windows or menus are minimized, and you are viewing the desktop, and you press a letter key, instead of the letter being typed somewhere, a beep sound is produced.

This shows that the availability of a typing functionality can be "detected". And if it can be detected, it can most likely be done so using C++.

I don't know what to call this. I tried to find out using google but everything I got seemed unrelated to this. I was probably not using the correct keywords.

Whatever this is, I am creating a C++ program where I need to be able to detect it(in an if condition). Something like this

if (/*typing can be done*/) {
//Do something..........
}

Or this

if (/*typing can NOT be done*/) {
if( GetKeyState(VK_SPACE) & 0x8000 ) {
//Do something..........
}
}

And I need to be able to do so natively. Not specific to a particular console window or UI.

If you can help me in any way in figuring this out than please do so. And please feel free to suggest relevant edits to improve this question and make it less vague and more detailed and to-the-point.